References

Borror, D.J. 1960. Dictionary of Word Roots and Combining Forms. Mayfield Publishing Company, Mountain View, California, USA.

Campbell, Neil A., and J. B. Reece. 2008. Biology. Pearson Education, Inc., San Francisco, California, USA.

Cousins, A. B. et al. 2007. The role of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase during C-4 photosynthetic isotope exchange and stomatal conductance. Plant Physiology 145: 1006.

Encyclopedia of Life 2013. <URL:http://eol.org/pages/1115369/hierarchy_entries/53023954/details>.  Accessed 26 March 2014.

Fulton, D. C. et al. 2008. Beta-amylase4, a noncatalytic protein required for starch breakdown, acts upstream of three active beta-amylases in Arabidopsis chloroplasts. Plant Cell 20: 1040.

Mason-Gamer, R. J. 2013. Phylogeny of a genomically diverse group of Elymus (Poaceae) allopolyploids reveals multiple levels of reticulation. PLOS ONE 8: 4.

Humphrey, L. D. and E. W. Schupp. 2004. Competition as a barrier to establishment of a native perennial grass (Elymus elymoides) in alien annual grass (Bromus tectorum) communities.  Journal of Arid Environments: 405-422.
 
Leffler, A. J., T. A. Monaco and J. J. James. 2011. Nitrogen acquisition by annual and perennial grass seedlings: testing the roles of performance and plasticity to explain plant invasion. Plant Ecology 212: 1601-1611.
 
Leger, E.A. 2008. The adaptive value of remnant native plants in invaded communities: an example from the Great Basin. Ecological Applications 18: 1227.

Meyer, S. E., S. B. Debaene-Gill and P.S. Allen.  2000.  Using hydrothermal time concepts to model seed germination response to temperature, dormancy loss, and priming effects in Elymus elymoides.  Seed Science Research: 213-223.
 
Parsons, M. C., T. A. Jones, S. R. Larson, I. W. Mott and T. A. Monaco. 2011. Ecotypic variation in Elymus elymoides subsp. brevifolius in the northern intermountain west. Rangeland Ecology and Management 64: 650.
 
Simonin, K. A. 2001. <URL:http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/graminoid/elyely/all.html>. Elymus elymoides>. Accessed 26 March 2014.
 
USDA 2006. <URL:https://plants.usda.gov/plantguide/pdf/pg_elmu3.pdf>. Accessed 18 March 2014.

USDA 2010. <URL:https://plants.usda.gov/factsheet/pdf/fs_elelb2.pdf>. Accessed 20 April 2014.

USDA 2014. <URL:https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=ELEL5>. Accessed 23 March 2014.

Young, J. A., C. D. Clements and T. Jones.  2003.  Germination of seeds of big and bottlebrush squirreltail. Journal of Range Management: 277-281.

Young, K. and J. Mangold.  2008.  Medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae) outperforms squirreltail (Elymus elymoides) through interferecnce and growth rate.  Invasive Plant Science and Management: 73-81.

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