Work Cited
Anderson, A.E., and O.C. Wellmo. 1984. Odocoileus hemionus. Mammalian Species. 219:1-9.
Biology Online. 2010. <URL:http://www.biologyonline.org/dictionary/Sexual_reproduction>
Accessed 24 November 2013.
Bleich V. C., R. T. Bowyer, and B. M. Pierce. 2004. Habitat selection by mule deer: forage
benefits or risk of predation? Journal of Wild Management 68(3).
Bower R. T. and J. G. Kie. 2009. Thermal landscapes and resources selection by black-tailed
deer: implications for large herbivores. California Fish and Game 95(3):128-139.
Campbell, N.A, J.B. Reece, L. A. Urry, M. L. Cain, S. A. Wasserman, P. V. Minorsky, R. B.
Jackson. 2008. Biology. Pearson Benjamin Cummings, San Francisco, California, USA.
Cephas. 2010. <URL:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Odocoileus_hemionus_map.svg>.
Baltimore USA. Accessed 8 December 2013.
Encyclopedia of Life. 2013.<URL:
Accessed 24 November 2013.
Gibson, D. 2001. Black tail country.
<URL:http://www.blacktailcountry.com/html/blkpage.htm> Accessed 8 Decemeber
2013.
Gross, R. J. 1983. Deer antlers regeneration, function and evolution.
Academic press.
Hanley T. A, S. M. Parish, C. T. Robbins, D. E. Spalinger and M. L. Whockstrom. 1994. Food
intake and foraging energetic of elk and mule deer.The Journal of Wildlife Management.
vol. 48(4): 1285-1301
Holmes, K, J. Jenkins, P. Mahalin and J. Berini. 2011. Cervidar, Animal Diversity
Web. <URL:
November 2013.
Huffman, B. 2006. Rangifer tarandus.
<URL: http://www.ultimateungulate.com/Cetartiodactyla.html>. Accessed 24 November
2013.
Innes, Robin J. 2013. Odocoileus hemionus. Fire Effects Information System U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire
Sciences Laboratory
International Hunter Education Association. 2002.
< URL: http://homestudy.ihea.com/wildlifeID/014blacktaileddeer.htm>. Accessed 25
November 2013.
Kucera, T.E. and K.E. Mayer. 1999. A sportsman’s guide to improving deer habitat in
California. State of California The Resources Agency Department of Fish And Game.
Sacramento, California, USA.
Lee, K. 2004. < URL: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Black-
tailed_deer_grazing,_Olympic_National_Park,_USA.jpg>. Accessed 8 December 2013.
WDFW 2013. <URL:
Mihaylo, Karen. 2009. Animals: black-tailed deer facts. Demand Media
<URL: http://animals.pawnation.com/blacktailed-deer-6477.html>. Accessed 24
November 2013.
Millburn, Naomi. 2011. Animals: black-tailed deer eating habits. Demand Media
<URL:http://animals.pawnation.com/blacktailed-deer-feeding-habits-5706.html>.
Accessed 24 November 2013.
Misuraca, M. 1999. Odocoileus hemionus, Animal Diversity Web.
<URL:http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Odocoileus_hemionus/ >.
Accesed 24 November 2013.
Meaning of Scientific Names. 2010.
<URL: http://www.uamont.edu/facultyweb/huntj/meanings_of_scientific_names.htm>.
Accessed 8 December 2013.
Mule Deer. 2009.
<URL: http://pick5.pick.uga.edu/mp/20qsearch=Odocoileus+hemionus&guide=
Mammalia species&cl=US/CO/Gunnison/Rocky_Mountain_Biological_Laboratory#
1988>. Accessed 7 December 2013.
Myers, P. 2001. Animalia, Animal Diversity Web.
<URL: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Animalia/>. Accessed 26 November 2013.
Myers, P. 2001. Chordata, Animal Diversity Web.
<URL: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Chordata/>. Accessed 26
November 2013.
Puthuff, H. D. 1972. <URL: http://www.nhm.org/site/explore-exhibts/permanents-
exhibits/northamerican-mammals/black-tailed-deer>. Accessed 8 December 2013
Stankowich, T. and R. G. Coss. 2008. Alarm walking in Columbian black-tailed deer: it’s
characterization and possible antipredatory signaling functions. Journal of Mammology 89:
636-645.
Thomas, D.C. and I. McT. Cowan. 1975. The pattern of reproduction in female Columbian
black-tailed deer, Odocoileus hemionus columbianus. J. Reprod. Fertil. 44,261-272
Thompson, M. 2013. Northern California. Odocoileus hemiounus columbianus feeding. La
Crosse, Wisconsin USA. November 24, 2013.
Refresh your memory on the
Facts page or
continue on learn how to Contact Us.
Go to
MultipleOrganisms.net