Threats to Vertigo arthuri
Vertigo
arthuri
form
hubrichti is a state
endangered snail and Vertigo
arthuri form paradoxa
is a special concern snail (Anderson et. al 2002).
Predation of
Vertigo arthuri
occurs. It is known that
Vertigo arthuri fall prey to birds, rodents, and other
invertebrates but it is not known which specific species prey on
Vertigo arthuri and what
amount of pressure that puts on the snail (Anderson, T. 2004).
Fires present one danger to
Vertigo arthuri. Fires occur in the grasslands of the Midwest
natural and human started fires are also present in the area as
well. Fires can destroy habitat area as well as blocking off regions
affected by the fire. A few studies have been conducted with regards
to the effects of fire on
Vertigo species but sample sizes were small and the results are
thought to be statistical in origin and not based on the biology of
the situations which lead to ambiguous results (Anderson, T. 2004).
Roads are an additional obstacle and hazard to
Vertigo arthuri. Roads
destroy habitat that was once inhabited by the snails as well as
creating blockades. Snails may be crushed by vehicles on the road.
This can become problematic because, coupled with the already slow
movement rate of
Vertigo
arthuri, it limits the ability of the species to re-distribute
if necessary. Combined with other events, such as fires, roads can
create substantial barriers for
Vertigo arthuri (Anderson, T. 2004).
Timber harvesting destroys
habitat and can block re-distribution of
snails. Timber harvest is something that also occurs when roads are
being built. Reduction in habitat could have potentially detrimental
effects to
Vertigo arthuri
because much of the populations reside in at least partially wooded
areas. Deforestation can destroy the layer of decaying leaves that
form on the forest floor where many
Vertigo arthuri feed (Anderson, T. 2004).
Grazing involved with livestock is a more minor problem but still a
problem none the less. Livestock can physically crush the
Vertigo arthuri with
their hooves or they can eat away large portions of grassy
habitats (Anderson, T. 2004).
Recreational activities, especially motorized activities, can create
habitat destruction when it is crushed, moved, partially destroyed,
or damaged in any from humans. This is some times surprise and
something many of us don't consider. Some examples of such
activities are rock climbing and ATV riding. These activities can
take someone directly into their habitat and possibly destroying the
habitats of
Vertigo arthuri
(Anderson, T. 2004).