Interactions
When the flies first approach the cattle, the cattle try to escape by running away. If there is water near by they will even run into the water, just to escape these pesky flies (Defera 2011).
Growing livestock may have a lower weight gain because the cattle are continually irritated and as a result are not feeding adequate (Sanchez-Arroyo 2011).
Milk production in younger cattle may also suffer (Swan and Papp, 1972). However in adult cows, the effects are lessen, which is likely due to immunization following the first infestation as a calf (Sanchez-Arroyo 2011).
Common cattle grub is reported in Northern Cattle as well as American Bison (Merck & Co 2011).
Goats and sheep can sometimes be host too, however thankfully for them the the larvae cannot fully develop (Sanchez-Arroyo 2011).
Unless the infestation is heavy, the warble fly larvae does not cause much harm to the host besides soiling their flesh and hides (Defera 2011). However, it can be the source of some secondary infections.
