References
Back, E. 1909. The robber flies of America, North of Mexico.
Transactions of the American
Entomological Society 35: 142-150.
Bromley, S. W. 1930. Bee-killing robber flies. Journal of the
New York Entomological Society
38:159-176.
Hine, J. S., 1911. Robber flies of the genera Promachus and
Proctacanthus. Department of
Zoology and Entomology
of Ohio State University 33:160-165.
Joern, A. and Rudd, N. 1982. Impact of predation by the robber
fly Proctacanthus milbertii on
grasshopper populations. Oecologica 55: 42-26.
Mahr, S. 2009. <http://wimastergardener.org/?q=RobberFlies>
Accessed 3 April 2012.
Malloch J. R., 1922. Bulletin by State of Illinois, Dept. of
Registration and
Education, Natural History Survey Division 13: 89-92.
Reese, M. 2012. <http://wisconsinbutterflies.org/robberfly/species/291-promachus-
vertebratus> Accessed 3 April 2012.
Williston, S. W. 1885. On the North American asilidae.
Transactions of the American
Entomological Society and Proceedings of the Entomological
Section of the Academy of Natural
Sciences 12: 60-62.
Images taken (with permission) from
http://bugguide.net/node/view/31196/data
http://bugguide.net/node/view/31146
http://bugguide.net/node/view/31145
http://wisconsinbutterflies.org/robberfly/species/291-promachus-vertebratus
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