References

Back, E. 1909. The robber flies of America, North of Mexico. Transactions of the American
    Entomological Society 35: 142-150.

Bromley, S. W. 1930. Bee-killing robber flies. Journal of the New York Entomological Society
    38:159-176.

Hine, J. S., 1911. Robber flies of the genera Promachus and Proctacanthus. Department of
    Zoology and Entomology of Ohio State University 33:160-165.

Joern, A. and Rudd, N. 1982. Impact of predation by the robber fly Proctacanthus milbertii on
    grasshopper populations. Oecologica 55: 42-26.

Mahr, S. 2009. <http://wimastergardener.org/?q=RobberFlies> Accessed 3 April 2012.

Malloch J. R., 1922. Bulletin by State of Illinois, Dept. of Registration and
    Education, Natural History Survey Division 13: 89-92.

Reese, M. 2012. <http://wisconsinbutterflies.org/robberfly/species/291-promachus-
    vertebratus> Accessed 3 April 2012.

Williston, S. W. 1885. On the North American asilidae. Transactions of the American
    Entomological Society and Proceedings of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural
    Sciences 12: 60-62.

Images taken (with permission) from

http://bugguide.net/node/view/31196/data
http://bugguide.net/node/view/31146  
http://bugguide.net/node/view/31145 
http://wisconsinbutterflies.org/robberfly/species/291-promachus-vertebratus



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